Lesson 2
Vocabulary
Seasons
The names of seasons (i stagioni) are not capitalized in Italian.
la primavera—Spring
l’estate—Summer
l’autunno—Autumn
l’inverno—Winter
Months
The names of the months (i mesi) are not also capitalized.
gennaio—January
febbraio—February
marzo—March
aprile—April
maggio—May
giugno—June
luglio—July
agosto—August
settembre—September
ottobre—October
novembre—November
dicembre—December
Che mese è? (In che mese siamo?)What month is it? (What month are we in?)
È settembre. (Siamo in settembre.) It’s September.
Days of the Week
The days of the week (i giorni della settimana) are not also capitalized.
lunedì—Monday
martedì—Tuesday
mercoledì—Wednesday
giovedì—Thursday
venerdì—Friday
sabato—Saturday
domenica—Sunday
Che giorno è...(What day is...)
oggi (today)
domani (tomorrow)
Che giorno è oggi? (What day is it today?)
Oggi è giovedì. (Today is Thursday.)
Domani è venerdì. (Tomorrow is Friday.)
Italian Coffee
caffè (espresso)—a small cup of very strong coffee, i.e., espresso
caffè Americano—American-style coffee, but stronger; weaker than espresso and served in a large cup
caffè corretto—coffee "corrected" with a shot of grappa, cognac, or other spirit
caffè doppio—double espresso
caffè freddo—iced coffee
caffè Hag—decaffeinated coffee
caffè latte—hot milk mixed with coffee and served in a glass for breakfast
caffè macchiato—espresso "stained" with a drop of steamed milk: small version of a cappuccino
caffè marocchino—espresso with a dash of hot milk and cacao powder
caffè stretto—espresso with less water; rocket fuel!
cappuccino—espresso infused with steamed milk and drunk in the morning, but never after lunch or dinner
granita di caffè con panna—frozen, iced beverage (similar to a slush, but ice shavings make it authentic) and topped with whipped cream
Pasta
campanelle - little bells
conchiglie - sea shells
farfalle – butterflies
orecchiette - little ears
rotelle - little wheels
spirali – spirals
bucatini - little holes
cannelloni - big pipes or big reeds
ditalini - small fingers
gomito maccheroni - elbow macaroni
penne – pens
rigatoni – (from riga = line)
spaghetti - little twines
vermicelli - little worms
capellini - thin hair
capelli d'angelo - angel hairs
fettucine - little ribbons
lasagne - cooking pot
linquine - little tongues
tagliatelle – (from tagliare = to cut)
anellini - little rings
gnocchi - knots
Adjectives
In Italian, adjectives agree in gender and number with the noun they qualify.
il vestito bianco (the white dress)
i tavoli bianchi (the white tables)
la carta bianca (the white paper)
le camicie bianche (the white shirts)
They also usually follow the noun they qualify.
Except:
bella - una bella donna
buono – un buon pranzo
grande – una gran piazza
santo – san Pietro
However:
un buon amico – a good friend
un amico buono – a good-hearted
friend
un pover’uomo – unfortunate
un uomo povero – without money
certi risultati – certain results
risultati certi – reliable results
Examples:
nuovo – vecchio (new/old)
buono – catttivo (good/bad)
piccolo – grande (small/big)
corto – lungo (short/long)
alto – basso (high/low)
grasso – magro (fat/thin)
vicino – lontano (near/far)
freddo – caldo (cold/hot)
lento – veloce (slow/fast)
secco – bagnato (dry/wet)
More Vocabulary:
addio – goodbye
amante – lover
bandito – bandit
barista – bartender
capo – head, chief, leader
capriccio – caprice
diavolo – devil
diva – diva
espresso – kind of coffee drink
famoso – famous
guerra – war
innamorato – in love
lingua – tongue, language
mare – sea
nuovo – new
pantaloni – pants
pronto – ready, prepared
ristorante – restaurant
sempre – always
stella – star
strada – road, street
terra – earth, soil
veranda – porch
vivace – lively
voce – voice
Exercise: (How to Italianize some English Words)
abandon – abbandonare
ability – abilità
abomination – abominazione
abrasive – abrasive
absence – assenza
abstract – astratto
accept – accettare
accommodate – accomodare
adaptable - adattabile
More samples:
celebrate, inform, transform
decadence, conference, silence
humanity, unity, crudity
possible, vulnerable, probable
disillusion, detention, diction
conservative, concrete, offensive
Preview:
Italian Pronouns
Subject Pronouns
Persons Singular Plural
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1st. person io » I noi » we
2nd. person familiar tu » you voi » you
2nd. person polite* Lei » you Loro » You
3rd. person lui » him loro » them